With support from the UN-REDD Programme, an analysis of drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, and barriers to the “+” activities, was initiated in 2016 and completed in 2017. The report attached here, identifies seven priority direct drivers at the national scale:
- Large-scale (industrial) agriculture for commodities such as oil palm
- Small-scale agriculture, by small-holders encroaching into the forest
- Over-harvesting during commercial timber harvesting operations
- Illegal logging
- Fuelwood collection
- Charcoal production
- Shifting agriculture
Barriers to conservation and enhancement are also identified (barriers to sustainable management of forests are considered to be the same as drivers of unsustainable forest management (over-harvesting).
The report also identifies underlying drivers, which are many, and include:
- overlapping and conflicting priorities and agendas by the forestry and agriculture sectors;
- legal frameworks governing decisions on land and its management; and
- land-tenure insecurity, which affects levels in investments in sustainable management of natural resources.
The identification of policies and measures in the National REDD+ Strategy was based on this analysis of drivers.
